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Have you ever needed a TPM but only had an FPGA available, or needed a TPM for a project and had additional requirements that are not supported by current hardware available? wolfSSL is working on the use of a fTPM (Firmware Trusted Platform Module) running on a Xilinx FPGA Microblaze that is also capable of being used with measured boot. This is unique, in that it can benefit from the additional redundancy that naturally comes with running code on an FPGA while leveraging an existing piece of the hardware on many Xilinx boards rather than requiring additional hardware be added. Use of the fTPM for measured boot will improve sanity checks on the integrity of the boot up process by doing TPM 2.0 PCR extend operations on the initial ROM, FSBL, and partitions loaded.

If you have questions about any of the above, please contact us at facts@wolfSSL.com or call us at +1 425 245 8247.

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We at wolfSSL continue to embrace the IoT market and congratulate all of the Espressif staff and partners on reaching the 1 Billion Device milestone in 2023. All of those devices need serious, commercial grade security with up to 7×24 support. We are here to help you do that! Of course, wolfSSL software cryptography works on any embedded device, but we’ve also added additional hardware acceleration support to Espressif SoC devices.

Recently our wolfSSL library has been upgraded to support the cryptographic hardware acceleration capabilities on Espressif ESP32 RISC-V SoC boards, specifically the ESP32-C2, ESP32-C3 and the ESP32-C6. The feature set is parity with our ESP32 and ESP32-S2/ESP32-S3 hardware acceleration capabilities which includes SHA (hash), RSA (big number math), and AES encryption. Additional new acceleration hardware capabilities specific to the newer Espressif chipsets are actively in development.

Although we are very proud of our software implementation, no programmatic algorithm can beat the brute strength of hardware acceleration. See below for some of the benchmark performance characteristics. The difference can be up to 10 times faster than equivalent software algorithms.

For instance: The ESP32-C6 has SHA acceleration implemented in hardware for SHA, SHA-224 and SHA-256, all of which are commonly used in TLS hashes. Here’s a comparison of the differences in performance for the ESP32C6:

Taller bars represent more data hashed per second: KiB/s

Note the Espressif GitHub Issue #10423 for the latest ESP32-C6 support status. Silicon version 0.0 was used for testing and benchmarks noted above. Actual production values may differ.

See also our recent blogs:

• Secure Your Apple HomeKit Espressif ESP32 Devices with wolfSSL
• wolfSSL DTLS1.3 ESP32 Examples Now Available
• wolfSSL on the Espressif ESP32-C3 RISC-V
• wolfSSL on the Xtensa ESP32-S3 Linux

Additional information on getting Started with wolfSSL on the Espressif environment is available on the wolfSSL GitHub repository as well as a webinar recording, Getting Started with wolfSSL on the Espressif ESP32.

Try it yourself

If you’d like to see the benchmarks on your own device, ensure you have the ESP-IDF installed and follow these steps:

cd [your workspace directory]

# Clone wolfSSL into a local directory
git clone https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl.git
cd wolfssl/IDE/Espressif/ESP-IDF/examples/wolfssl_benchmark

# Set your directory for ESP-IDF, shown here for VisualDGB and WSL
WRK_IDF_PATH=/mnt/c/SysGCC/esp32/esp-idf/v5.1

# Run your ESP-IDF export.sh
. ${WRK_IDF_PATH}/export.sh
# or
. $HOME/esp/esp-idf/export.sh

# Set project target SoC
idf.py set-target esp32c3

# optionally erase your device (substitute /dev/ttyS36 with your port)
idf.py erase-flash -p /dev/ttyS36 -b 115200

# Build and flash the app onto your SoC (substitute /dev/ttyS36)
idf.py build flash -p /dev/ttyS36 -b 115200 monitor -b 115200

Benchmark metrics for the ESP32-C6, Hardware Encryption Enabled:

Chip is ESP32-C6 (revision v0.0), Crystal is 40MHz, cpu freq: 160000000 Hz (160MHz)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
wolfSSL version 5.6.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
wolfCrypt Benchmark (block bytes 1024, min 1.0 sec each)
RNG                       1375 KiB took 1.005 seconds
AES-128-CBC-enc           4450 KiB took 1.004 seconds
AES-128-CBC-dec           4325 KiB took 1.004 seconds
AES-192-CBC-enc           1450 KiB took 1.014 seconds
AES-192-CBC-dec           1425 KiB took 1.010 seconds
AES-256-CBC-enc           4425 KiB took 1.001 seconds
AES-256-CBC-dec           4300 KiB took 1.001 seconds
AES-128-GCM-enc            450 KiB took 1.044 seconds
AES-128-GCM-dec            450 KiB took 1.044 seconds
AES-192-GCM-enc            425 KiB took 1.002 seconds
AES-192-GCM-dec            425 KiB took 1.002 seconds
AES-256-GCM-enc            425 KiB took 1.004 seconds
AES-256-GCM-dec            425 KiB took 1.005 seconds
GMAC Default               602 KiB took 1.000 seconds
3DES                       400 KiB took 1.051 seconds
MD5                      10775 KiB took 1.000 seconds
SHA                      12675 KiB took 1.000 seconds
SHA-224                  12625 KiB took 1.001 seconds
SHA-256                  12625 KiB took 1.001 seconds
SHA-384                   1275 KiB took 1.003 seconds
SHA-512                   1275 KiB took 1.003 seconds
SHA-512/224               1275 KiB took 1.003 seconds
SHA-512/256               1275 KiB took 1.003 seconds
SHA3-224                   925 KiB took 1.005 seconds
SHA3-256                   875 KiB took 1.008 seconds
SHA3-384                   675 KiB took 1.010 seconds
SHA3-512                   475 KiB took 1.019 seconds
SHAKE128                  1075 KiB took 1.009 seconds
SHAKE256                   875 KiB took 1.008 seconds
RIPEMD                    4325 KiB took 1.001 seconds
HMAC-MD5                 10650 KiB took 1.001 seconds
HMAC-SHA                 12475 KiB took 1.001 seconds
HMAC-SHA224              12425 KiB took 1.001 seconds
HMAC-SHA256              12425 KiB took 1.001 seconds
HMAC-SHA384               1275 KiB took 1.019 seconds
HMAC-SHA512               1275 KiB took 1.019 seconds
PBKDF2                       1 KiB took 1.005 seconds
RSA     1024  key gen         1 ops took 1.262 sec, avg 1262.000 ms
RSA     2048  key gen         1 ops took 1.680 sec, avg 1680.000 ms
RSA     2048   public         6 ops took 1.415 sec, avg 235.833 ms
RSA     2048  private         2 ops took 1.040 sec, avg 520.000 ms
ECC   [      SECP256R1]   256  key gen         4 ops took 1.290 sec, avg 322.500 ms
ECDHE [      SECP256R1]   256    agree         4 ops took 1.280 sec, avg 320.000 ms
ECDSA [      SECP256R1]   256     sign         4 ops took 1.296 sec, avg 324.000 ms
ECDSA [      SECP256R1]   256   verify         2 ops took 1.240 sec, avg 620.000 ms
CURVE  25519  key gen         4 ops took 1.276 sec, avg 319.000 ms
CURVE  25519    agree         4 ops took 1.275 sec, avg 318.750 ms
ED     25519  key gen        88 ops took 1.008 sec, avg 11.455 ms
ED     25519     sign        78 ops took 1.022 sec, avg 13.103 ms
ED     25519   verify        52 ops took 1.009 sec, avg 19.404 ms

Benchmark complete

Benchmark metrics for the ESP32-C6, Hardware Encryption Disabled:

Chip is ESP32-C6 (revision v0.0), Crystal is 40MHz, cpu freq: 160000000 Hz (160MHz)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
wolfSSL version 5.6.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
wolfCrypt Benchmark (block bytes 1024, min 1.0 sec each)
RNG                        600 KiB took 1.023 seconds
AES-128-CBC-enc           1725 KiB took 1.004 seconds
AES-128-CBC-dec           1700 KiB took 1.010 seconds
AES-192-CBC-enc           1500 KiB took 1.014 seconds
AES-192-CBC-dec           1475 KiB took 1.013 seconds
AES-256-CBC-enc           1325 KiB took 1.017 seconds
AES-256-CBC-dec           1300 KiB took 1.012 seconds
AES-128-GCM-enc            475 KiB took 1.041 seconds
AES-128-GCM-dec            475 KiB took 1.042 seconds
AES-192-GCM-enc            450 KiB took 1.030 seconds
AES-192-GCM-dec            450 KiB took 1.030 seconds
AES-256-GCM-enc            425 KiB took 1.012 seconds
AES-256-GCM-dec            425 KiB took 1.012 seconds
GMAC Default               621 KiB took 1.000 seconds
3DES                       400 KiB took 1.051 seconds
MD5                      10750 KiB took 1.000 seconds
SHA                       5525 KiB took 1.002 seconds
SHA-224                   1450 KiB took 1.002 seconds
SHA-256                   1450 KiB took 1.001 seconds
SHA-384                   1275 KiB took 1.004 seconds
SHA-512                   1275 KiB took 1.003 seconds
SHA-512/224               1275 KiB took 1.003 seconds
SHA-512/256               1275 KiB took 1.003 seconds
SHA3-224                   925 KiB took 1.006 seconds
SHA3-256                   875 KiB took 1.008 seconds
SHA3-384                   675 KiB took 1.011 seconds
SHA3-512                   475 KiB took 1.019 seconds
SHAKE128                  1075 KiB took 1.009 seconds
SHAKE256                   875 KiB took 1.008 seconds
RIPEMD                    4325 KiB took 1.000 seconds
HMAC-MD5                 10650 KiB took 1.002 seconds
HMAC-SHA                  5475 KiB took 1.002 seconds
HMAC-SHA224               1450 KiB took 1.010 seconds
HMAC-SHA256               1450 KiB took 1.010 seconds
HMAC-SHA384               1275 KiB took 1.019 seconds
HMAC-SHA512               1275 KiB took 1.018 seconds
PBKDF2                       0 KiB took 1.075 seconds
RSA     1024  key gen         1 ops took 7.733 sec, avg 7733.000 ms
RSA     2048  key gen         1 ops took 28.050 sec, avg 28050.000 ms
RSA     2048   public        58 ops took 1.028 sec, avg 17.724 ms
RSA     2048  private         2 ops took 7.051 sec, avg 3525.500 ms
ECC   [      SECP256R1]   256  key gen         4 ops took 1.231 sec, avg 307.750 ms
ECDHE [      SECP256R1]   256    agree         4 ops took 1.225 sec, avg 306.250 ms
ECDSA [      SECP256R1]   256     sign         4 ops took 1.241 sec, avg 310.250 ms
ECDSA [      SECP256R1]   256   verify         2 ops took 1.178 sec, avg 589.000 ms
CURVE  25519  key gen         4 ops took 1.277 sec, avg 319.250 ms, 3.132 ops/sec
CURVE  25519    agree         4 ops took 1.276 sec, avg 319.000 ms, 3.135 ops/sec
ED     25519  key gen        87 ops took 1.001 sec, avg 11.506 ms, 86.913 ops/sec
ED     25519     sign        78 ops took 1.018 sec, avg 13.051 ms, 76.621 ops/sec
ED     25519   verify        52 ops took 1.023 sec, avg 19.673 ms, 50.831 ops/sec
Benchmark complete

Find out more

If you have any feedback, questions, or require support, please don’t hesitate to reach out to us via facts@wolfSSL.com, call us at +1 425 245 8247, or open an issue on GitHub.

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